Langerhans Cell Histiocytosis (LCH) is a rare and 
variable disease process that mimics inflammatory and sometimes 
malignant disease. Diagnosis is challenging as it may simulate 
abscess, hematoma, acute dacryocystitis and neuroblastoma in 
young children. We describe here a case of Langerhans cell 
histiocytosis in a young child, who presented with right 
superolateral orbital swelling and proptosis. He was initially 
treated as subcutaneous abscess with antibiotic and partially 
responded for a brief duration. Subsequently, he was confirmed 
LCH by radiological imaging and immunohistochemical marking. 
Thus, clinicians should consider Langerhans cell histiocytosis in 
their differential diagnosis, particularly in young children with 
similar presentation.