Objective to study the effect of doxorubicin interventional chemotherapy on rabbit VX2 renal transplantation carcinoma and its mechanism. Methods Thirty healthy New Zealand white rabbits were chosen to establish VX2 renal transplantation carcinoma models. The experimental rabbits were randomly divided into three groups with 10 rabbits in each group. The rabbits in the control group (negative control), doxorubicin group and cisplatin group were treated with saline, 5mg/kg doxorubicin and 2mg/kg cisplatin respectively. The tumour volume was monitored with B-mode ultrasonography. The rabbits were anesthetized and killed after two weeks of interventional chemotherapy. The changes of Bcl-2 and Bax at the levels of mRNA and protein were analysed with real-time PCR and immunohistochemistry. Results The efficacy of interventional chemotherapy was evaluated with tumour volume changes monitored by B-mode ultrasonography. The tumour volume of control group and doxorubicin group was 1.29±0.60cm3 and 0.47±0.12 cm3 respectively. Further fluorescence quantitative PCR detection results showed that doxorubicin could reduce the Bcl-2 expression and increase the Bax expression (P<0.05). The result of immunohistochemistry was consistent with that of fluorescence quantitative PCR. 

Conclusions: The effect of doxorubicin interventional chemotherapy on renal transplantation carcinoma is obvious and the mechanism may be related to the downregulation of Bcl-2 expression and up-regulation of Bax expression thus inducing the apoptosis of tumour cells